My grandmother was from Ulm, Germany. Her son Alfred was wounded in the Hurtgen forest near Lammersdorf 15Dec1944. About the same time Ike was reading Ernie Pyle`s book G.I. Joe, the Germans began their offensive, and English bombers destroyed Ulm--including Einstein`s birthplace. My father Arthur survived the Korean War and became a spectrometer operator and lab supervisor. I remember the glass plates with the spectra of metals he brought home. These fuzzy black lines directed the non ferrous metal foundry operations. He got that job because he developed a split-beam apparatus to control machinery. Invention and electronics got him out of the mill. Today, these are called prox sensors. In the 1960`s it was new. I am very interested in physics and invention. ©