Creator of scriptum, an extended Hindley-Milner type validator for JS and a functional lib based upon it: Type Class :: Generalize :: Behavior :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Monoid :: append* :: concatenating/accumulating, picking*** of values Functor :: map :: lifting (into a structure/context) Applicative :: zipWith :: zip several liftings Monad :: flatMap** :: joining (two structures/contexts) Alternative :: logical or :: picking a structure/context w/o looking at its values *concat in JS **with id (x => x) as supplied function ***concatenating/picking are two intuitions of the same broader concept ©